Similarity-based interference in a working memory numerical updating task: age-related differences between younger and older adults.
نویسندگان
چکیده
Similarity among representations held simultaneously in working memory (WM) is a factor which increases interference and hinders performance. The aim of the current study was to investigate age-related differences between younger and older adults in a working memory numerical updating task, in which the similarity between information held in WM was manipulated. Results showed a higher susceptibility of older adults to similarity-based interference when accuracy, and not response times, was considered. It was concluded that older adults' WM difficulties appear to be due to the availability of stored information, which, in turn, might be related to the ability to generate distinctive representations and to the process of binding such representations to their context when similar information has to be processed in WM.
منابع مشابه
The Effect of Dual Task Interference on Gait in Aging: Role of Working Memory Components
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of concurrent cognitive tasks activating phonological loop and visuospatial scratchpad of working memory on gait in older adults.12 older adults with the age range of 65-70 years performed walking trials in 3 counterbalanced testing conditions including single walking, walking while performing visuospatial task and walking while per...
متن کاملProactive and coactive interference in age-related performance in a recognition-based operation span task.
BACKGROUND Generally, older adults perform worse than younger adults in complex working memory span tasks. So far, it is unclear which processes mainly contribute to age-related differences in working memory span. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to investigate age effects and the roles of proactive and coactive interference in a recognition-based version of the operation span task....
متن کاملOf goals and habits: age-related and individual differences in goal-directed decision-making
In this study we investigated age-related and individual differences in habitual (model-free) and goal-directed (model-based) decision-making. Specifically, we were interested in three questions. First, does age affect the balance between model-based and model-free decision mechanisms? Second, are these age-related changes due to age differences in working memory (WM) capacity? Third, can model...
متن کاملWhen Emotions Matter: Focusing on Emotion Improves Working Memory Updating in Older Adults
Research indicates that emotion can affect the ability to monitor and replace content in working memory, an executive function that is usually referred to as updating. However, it is less clear if the effects of emotion on updating vary with its relevance for the task and with age. Here, 25 younger (20-34 years of age) and 25 older adults (63-80 years of age) performed a 1-back and a 2-back tas...
متن کاملMolecular and Functional Imaging of Executive Functions and Implicit Learning
Age-related deficits are legion in task switching, updating of information in working memory (WM) and inhibiting irrelevant information, collectively referred to as executive functions. Executive functions are tightly coupled to the dopaminergic system, and marked dopamine (DA) losses are observed across adulthood and aging. Several human molecular imaging studies have sought confirmation for t...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Experimental psychology
دوره 59 4 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2012